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ASTM A335 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

Astm A335 standard specication for seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service

ASTM A335 standard is issued under the fixed designation A 335/A 335M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon ( ュ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.



ASTM A335 standard is issued under the fixed designation A 335/A 335M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

The most common use of grades P11, P22, and P91 is in the power industry and petro-chemical plants, Grades P5 and P9 are commonly used in refineries.

ASTM A335 is often called as chrome moly pipe because of the chemical contain of Molybdenum (Mo) and Chromium (Cr). Molybdenum increases the strength of steel and Chromium (or chrome) is the essential constituent of stainless steel.

The composition chrome moly alloy steel pipe make it ideal for use in power plants, refineries, petro chemical plants, and oil field services where fluids and gases are transported at extremely high temperatures and pressures.

Applications:
Chrome moly pipe under ASTM & ASME specification A/SA 335 P1, P2, P11, P12, P15, P22, P91, P92, P122 are used for power industries whereas ASTM/ASME A/SA 335 P5, P9 are used for petrochemical industries
  • Strong resistance to rupturing at high temperatures and high pressures
  • May be used for Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion Services
  • Resistant to cracking from hydrogen attack and embrittlement
  • Resistant to hot sulfide corrosion cracking
  • Can be used for NACE Applications where sour environments are under high temp and pressure
  • Can be used in NACE-MRO 175 Sour Service
  • Ideal for creep rupture applications
  • Can handle high temperatures with very low elasticity

Certitifcation: Chrome Moly pipe are certified as PER DIN 50049 3.1, EN 10204 3.1/3.2 and NACE MR-0175 & NACE MR-0103

Piping Component Specifications:

  • Flanges and forged fittings – A/SA 182 F1, F2, F5, F9, F11, F12, F15, F22, F91, F92, F122 Wrought
  • Butt-weld Pipe Fittings – A/SA 234 P1, P2, P5, P9, P11, P12, P15, P22, P91, P92, P122
Chemical Composition:

These pipe bear high resistance to rupture at high temperature and pressures. With hydrogen crack resistance and sulfide stress corrosion cracking chrome moly pipe are highly preferred over Carbon pipe.

GradeUN
Sequiv.		C≤MnP≤S≤Si≤CrMo
P1K115220.10~0.200.30~0.800.0250.0250.10~0.50–0.44~0.65
P2K115470.10~0.200.30~0.610.0250.0250.10~0.300.50~0.810.44~0.65
P5K415450.150.30~0.600.0250.0250.54.00~6.000.44~0.65
P5bK515450.150.30~0.600.0250.0251.00~2.004.00~6.000.44~0.65
P5cK412450.120.30~0.600.0250.0250.54.00~6.000.44~0.65
P9S504000.150.30~0.600.0250.0250.50~1.008.00~10.000.44~0.65
P11K115970.05~0.150.30~0.610.0250.0250.50~1.001.00~1.500.44~0.65
P12K115620.05~0.150.30~0.600.0250.0250.50.80~1.250.44~0.65
P15K115780.05~0.150.30~0.600.0250.0251.15~1.65–0.44~0.65
P21K315450.05~0.150.30~0.600.0250.0250.52.65~3.350.80~1.60
P22K215900.05~0.150.30~0.600.0250.0250.51.90~2.600.87~1.13
P91K915600.08~0.120.30~0.600.020.010.20~0.508.00~9.500.85~1.05
P92K924600.07~0.130.30~0.600.020.010.58.50~9.500.30~0.60
Chrome Moly Pipes: Werkstoff vs EN vs ASTM
Werkstoff /DINENASTM
1.541516Mo3A335 Grade P1
1.733513CrMo4-5A335 Grade P11, P12
1.738010CrMo9-10A335 Grade P22
1.7362X11CrMo5A335 Grade P5
A335 Grade P9
1.4903X10CrMoVNb9-1A335 Grade P91
Tensile Requirements
Tensile Strength, min., psiP-5P-9P-11P-22P-91
ksi6060606085
MPa415415415415585
Yield Strength, min., psi
ksi3030303060
MPa205205205205415

Note: P91 shall not have a hardness not exceeding 250 HB/265 HV [25HRC].

Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties P1,P2 P12 P23 P91 P92,P11 P122
 Tensile strength 380 415 510 585 620 620
 Yield strength 205 220 400 415 440 400

A335 is often called chrome moly pipe because of the chemical makeup of Molybdenum (Mo) and Chromium (Cr). Molybdenum increases the strength of steel as well as the elastic limit, resistance to wear, impact qualities, and hardenability. Moly increases the resistance to softening, restrains grain growth and makes chromium steel less susceptible to embrittlement. Moly is the most effective single additive that increases high temperature creep strength.

It also enhances the corrosion resistance of steel, and inhibits pitting. Chromium (or chrome) is the essential constituent of stainless steel. Any steel with 12% or more Chrome is considered stainless. Chrome is virtually irreplaceable in resisting oxidation at elevated temperatures. Chrome raises the tensile, yield, and hardness at room temperatures. The composition chrome moly alloy steel pipe make it ideal for use in power plants, refineries, petro chemical plants, and oil field services where fluids and gases are transported at extremely high temperatures and pressures.

Heat Treatment
A / N+T
N+T / Q+T
N+T
Material & Manufacture

Pipe may be either hot finished or cold drawn with the finishing heat treatment noted below.

Heat Treatment Requirements
GradeHeat Treatment Type
P5, P9, P11, and P22		Normalizing Temperature Range F [C]Subcritical Annealing or Tempering
Temperature Range F [C]
A335 P5 (b,c)Full or Isothermal Anneal
Normalize and Temper*****1250 [675]
Subcritical Anneal (P5c only)*****1325 – 1375 [715 - 745]
A335 P9Full or Isothermal Anneal
Normalize and Temper*****1250 [675]
A335 P11Full or Isothermal Anneal
Normalize and Temper*****1200 [650]
A335 P22Full or Isothermal Anneal
Normalize and Temper*****1250 [675]
A335 P91Normalize and Temper1900-1975 [1040 - 1080]1350-1470 [730 - 800]
Quench and Temper1900-1975 [1040 - 1080]1350-1470 [730 - 800]
Permissible Variation in Wall Thickness
NPS [DN] DesignatorTolerance, % from Specified
OverUnder
1/8 to 2 1/2 [6 to 65] incl., all t/D ratios20.0%12.5%
Above 2 1/2 [65], t/D < or = 5%22.5%12.5%
Above 2 1/2 [65], t/D > 5%15.0%12.5%
(t = Specified Wall Thickness; D = Specified Outside Diameter)
Elongation Requirements
Calculated Minimum Elongation Values
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min %
Wall ThicknessP5, P9, P11, P22P91
in.mmLongitudinalTransverseLongitudinal
5/16 (0.312)8302020
9/32 (0.281)7.2281919
1/4 (0.250)6.4271818
7/32 (0.219)5.62617
3/16 (0.188)4.82416
5/32 (0.156)42215
7/8 (0.125)3.22114
3/32 (0.094)2.42013
1/18 (0.062)1.61812
Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
Outside Diameter at any point shall not vary from standard specified more than:
NPS [DN] DesignatorOverUnder
in.mmin.mm
1/8 to 1 1/2 [6 to 40], incl.1/64 (0.015)0.401/64 (0.015)0.40
Over 1 1/2 to 4 [40 to 100], incl.1/32 (0.031)0.791/32 (0.031)0.79
Over 4 to 8 [100 to 200], incl.1/16 (0.062)1.591/32 (0.031)0.79
Over 8 to 12 [200 to 300], incl.3/32 (0.093)2.381/32 (0.031)0.79
Over 12 [300]+/- 1% of the specified outside diameter
Ordering Information

Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:

QuantityFeet, meters, or number of lengths
Name of materialSeamless Alloy Steel Pipe
GradeP5, P9, P11, P22, P91
ManufacturerHot-finished or cold-drawn
Size using one of the following:
NPS and Schedule Number
Outside Diameter and Nominal Wall Thickness
Outside Diameter and Minimum Wall Thickness
Inside Diameter and Nominal Wall Thickness
Inside Diameter and Minimum Wall Thickness
LengthSpecific or Random
End Finish
Mechanical Tests Specified

Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test and Flattening Test, Hardness Test, or Bend Test
For material heat treated in a batch-type furnace, tests shall be made on 5% of the pipe from each treated lot. For small lots, at least one pipe shall be tested.
For material heat treated by the continuous process, tests shall be made on a sufficient number of pipe to constitute 5% of the lot, but in no case less than 2 pipe.

Notes for Hardness Test:
P91 shall not have a hardness not exceeding 250 HB/265 HV [25HRC].

Notes for Bend Test:
For pipe whose diameter exceeds NPS 25 and whose diameter to wall thickness ratio is 7.0 or less shall be subjected to the bend test instead of the flattening test.
Other pipe whose diameter equals or exceeds NPS 10 may be given the bend test in place of the flattening test subject to the approval of the purchaser.
The bend test specimens shall be bent at room temperature through 180 without cracking on the outside of the bent portion.

Hydrostatic Test

The inside diameter of the bend shall be 1 inch [25 mm].
Each length of pipe shall be Hydro tested, at option of manufacture nondestructive electric testing can be used.

Referenced Documents
  • A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
  • E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe and Tubing
  • E309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
  • E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
  • E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
  • E570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products
  • B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
  • SAE J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
  • SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Personnel Qualification and Certification

Alloy steel specification, Standard and identification

Alloy Steel pipe contains substantial quantities of elements other than carbon such as nickel, chromium, silicon, manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and limited amounts of other commonly accepted elements such as manganese, sulfur, silicon, and phosphorous.

Q&A

Our team of experienced sales specialists proudly partners with gas and chemical processors, power generation plants, oil refineries, and related industries to offer piping components and value-added services.

The most important and desired changes in alloy steel are:

Alloy steels are made by combining carbon steel with one or several alloying elements, such as manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, copper, chromium and aluminum. These metals are added to produce specific properties that are not found in regular carbon steel. The elements are added in varying proportions (or combinations) making the material take on different aspects such as increased hardness, increased corrosion resistance, increased strength, improved formability (ductility); the weldability can also change.

  • Increased hardenability.
  • Increased corrosion resistance.
  • Retention of hardness and strength.

Nearly all alloy steels require heat treatment in order to bring out their best properties.

Alloying Elements & Their Effects

  • Chromium – Adds hardness. Increased toughness and wear resistance.
  • Cobalt – Used in making cutting tools; improved Hot Hardness (or Red Hardness).
  • Manganese – Increases surface hardness. Improves resistance to strain, hammering & shocks.
  • Molybdenum – Increases strength. Improves resistance to shock and heat.
  • Nickel – Increases strength & toughness. Improves corrosion resistance.
  • Tungsten – Adds hardness and improves grain structure. Provides improved heat resistance.
  • Vanadium – Increases strength, toughness and shock resistance. Improved corrosion resistance.
  • Chromium-Vanadium – Greatly improved tensile strength. It is hard but easy to bend and cut.
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